Identity Access Management (IAM)

Identity Access Management (IAM) is a framework or set of processes that govern the management and control of user identities and their access to systems, resources, and data within an organization. It involves defining and managing user roles, permissions, and privileges to ensure authorized access while preventing unauthorized access and protecting sensitive information.

IAM systems typically provide centralized administration, authentication, and authorization mechanisms to manage user identities, authenticate them through various means (like usernames, passwords, biometrics, or multi-factor authentication), and grant appropriate access rights based on predefined policies and rules. These systems enable organizations to enforce least privilege principles, implement segregation of duties, and maintain compliance with regulatory requirements. IAM also encompasses features like user provisioning and deprovisioning, access request approvals, user lifecycle management, and auditing and reporting capabilities to track user activity and identify any security issues or policy violations. By implementing robust IAM practices, organizations can enhance security, manage user identities efficiently, and reduce the risks associated with unauthorized access or data breaches.